French military fort, 8 miles southeast of Montreal, on a promontory in river Richelieu. Built at first of wood with palisades 15 feet high, by Jacques de Chambly, in 1665, an officer in the Carignan regiment. It was designed as a defence against the Iroquois to the south. In 1709-11 it was rebuilt of stone, having been burned by Indians 1708. At first it was called Fort Pontchartrain de Chambly, and sometimes Fort St. Louis de Chambly. It was situated in the seigniory first granted to Pierre de Chambly 1672. It was surrendered to English forces 1760. Captured by Americans 1775. Retaken by British 1776. It stood at foot of large rapid in Richelieu river on left bank. It is now under supervision of National Parks Branch. Shown on map of French claims 1756 (No. 10) and No. 97.